Automatic loading firearm



26, 1938. I QBREGON 2,115,041

AUTOMATIC LOADING FIREARM Filed Feb. 4, 1935 v I5 She ets-Sheefl April 26, 1938. A R N 2,115,041

AUTOMATIC LOADING FIREARM Filed Feb. 4, 1935 v 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jak: I

ll/I131 Ef /lM P 1938. A. OB REGON 4 AUTOMATIC LOADING FIREARM Filed Feb. 4, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Apr. 26, 1938 AUTOMATIC LOADING FIREARM Alejandro Obregou, Mexico, D. F., Mexico Application February 4, 1935, Serial No. 4,966

In Mexico February 8, 1934 8 Claims.

My invention relates to automatic loading firearms of the type in which all operations, except the actuation of the trigger for firing, are automatically eflected by the energy of the recoil of v the breech-closing part. Application was filed in In the specification and drawings many parts of an automatic firearm are shown and described of the structure shown generally in the patent to Browning, No. 984,519, granted February 14, 1911, so that a more complete understanding may be had of the particular novel features of my present invention.

16 An object of my invention is to provide a combined safety and retention mechanism made in one piece and adapted to act as a safety device,

a retention device to hold the breech-slide when the 'last cartridge is fired, a device for holding pivot pins in assembled position, and to hold the main frame and breech-slide in their assembled positions for firing.

A further object of myinvention is to provide a reaction-spring which will remain partly com- I pressed when removed from the main frame to disassemble the breech-slide from the frame.

Another object of my invention is to provide a safety 1001: which will prevent the firing of the pistol and the movement of the breech-slide 3@ when the hammer is either in a cocked, or halfcocked position.

Other objects will appear obvious in the specification and the appended drawings:

In the drawings,

32*. Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the left side of my automatic firearm, showing the hammer in its cocked position, the gun being ready to be fired,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the gun shown in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectionon the line 3-4 of Fig 2 looking toward the muzzle,

1 Fig. 4 is a perspective view -of the combined safety-lock and retention device.

Fig. 5is afragmentary detail partly in section a of the hammer and trigger mechanism showing the safety in position for firing;

f Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail partly in section of the hammer and trigger mechanism showing the safety in locked position; and

0 Fig. 7 is a vertical cross section of the hammer gral lengthwise grooves and ribs which interlock with corresponding ribs and grooves in the breech-slide 6, by which the breech-slide 6 is vertically secured to the frame 2 and is guided in its forward and backward movements thereon (see Fig. 3).

On the forward side of the grip 4, I provide a trigger 8 which is protected by the trigger guard 10. The rear portion of the grip 4 provides space for the operating mechanism for the hammer l2, to be more fully described hereinafter. The center part of the grip 4 is hollow and is adapted to receive the cartridge-magazine 14 which holds cartridges, spring pressed by the follower l6 and the spring H3, in position to enter the breech.

The breech-slide 6 is mounted on the frame 2 as described above and is adapted to move backward by the recoil as a cartridge is fired. The reaction spring 20 returns the breech-slide 8 to the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 after the, shell which has been fired has been ejected, the hammer 12 has been cocked, and a new cartridge has entered the breech.

The reaction spring 2,and its associated parts, differs from reaction-springs commonly used in similar automatic firearms in that the reaction spring 20 is mounted over or encircling the guide 22, and is partially compressed thereon by the plug 24 at the forward end thereof and the collar 26 at the rear end thereof, which collar is secured to one end of the hooked leaf spring 28 which slides within the guide 22. The shoulder 30 bears against the bushing 32 which is mounted on the forward end of the breech-slide 6, and thus the tension of the reaction-spring 20 tends to hold the breech-slide in its forward position.

The hooked leaf spring 28 has on its forward end, the end thereof remote from the collar 26, a lug 34 which slides in the groove 36 in the guide 22. By the use of this assembly the reaction spring may be removed from the frame 2 by applying pressure by a finger on the plug 24 and then turning the bushing so that the reactionspring and its guide become disengaged from the bushing 32. On the side of the collar 26 remote from the reaction-spring, I provide a projection 38.

When the breech-slide 6 has been placed in position on the frame -2, the safety-lever 40 is placed along the left side of the frame 2, as shown in Fig. 1. The safety lever 40 is provided with a pivot pin 42 near the forward end thereof. The pivot pin 42 is provided with a notch 44 in one side thereof, which notch 44 is adapted to receive the projection 88 which is held within the notch 44 by the reaction-spring 28. The reaction-spring assembly (described above) is, of course, placed into position after the safety lever has been positioned.

0n the safety lever 48 I provide a lug 48 which has a rabbet portion 48 on the end thereof away from the safety lever 48. This lug 48 is positioned so that it will pass through the grip 4. the rabbet 48 allowing the cartridges in the magazine l4 to pass unobstructed. After the last cartridge in the magazine I4 passes the rabbet 48, however, the rabbet obstructs the passage of the follower I8, the safety lever is forced upwardly, and the lug 88 enters the notch 84 in the breech-slide, when the breech-slide is in its backward or recoil position.

The stud 58, with the reduced portion 82 -there'- of with a projection 88, which projection provides a means whereby the safety lever 48 may be operated manually if desired. In close proximity to the projection 58, and along the upper edge of the safety lever 48, I provide a lug 88 which lug carries a smaller projection 82 which is adapted to enter into the notch 84 in the breech-slide 8 when the safety-lever 48 is placed in its upper position. This projection 82 when engaged in the notch 84 will lock the breechslide 8 so that it cannot be moved in either direc tion. The projection 82 may be engaged in a notch in the frame 2 when the gun is in firing condition but in this case it is only resiliently held and may be automatically changed to a non-firing condition as described above.

The hammer I2 is pivoted to the frame 2 by the pivot pin 88. A conventional hub is provided for the hammer I2 and has a tooth 88 which the sear 88 engages when the hammer is in a cocked position, as shown in Fig. 2. A hammer strut I8 is pivotally secured to the hub of the hammer and is spring-pressed by the spring 12 which is secured within the handle butt piece I4 by the pin 18. The pin 18 is smaller in diameter through the center part thereof, so that the projecting end I8 of the abutment 88 for the spring 12 must ,be pushed inwardly slightly before the pin 18 may beremoved. The abutment 88 is slidably secured to the hammer strut I8 by a bayonet joint connection so that the entire hammer strut 18 may be removed without displacing the spring 12.

When the hammer. I2 is in a cooked position and the gun is in readiness to be fired, the trigger 8 is pulled, and the trigger connecting piece 82 (which is made integral with the trigger) is forced toward the handle. The end 84 of the sear 88 is held at the end of the trigger connecting piece, and the sear 88 is pivoted on its pivot pin 88 releasing the hammer. The hammer on being released strikes a conventional .firing-pin 88 which transmits the blow to the primer of the cartridge. The recoil of the cartridge which has just been fired forces the breech-slide back, throwing out the cartridge shell, cocking the hammer, and allowing a new cartridge to enter the breech.

The trigger 8 and its connecting piece 82 are is not in a. proper position for firing, the safety 84 will be forced downwardly and will force the trigger connecting piece 82 out of engagement with the sear 88, the lower end 84 thereof being disengaged from the connecting piece 82.

I provide asafety device I88 which is controlled by a button extending from the left face of the handle. This safety I88 is provided with an inclined surface l82xwhich is engaged by the cartridge magazine I4 and forced to the right (viewed from the rear of the grip). The inclinedsurface I82 forms a pawl I84 which engages a notch (not shown)v on the cartridge magazine I4 to hold the latter in place. An upstanding lug I 88 is provided on the upper edge of the inclined surface I82 and is adapted to fit within the notch I88 on. the under side of the trigger connecting piece 82 when the cartridge magazine is removed from the handle. 7 When the cartridge magazine is to be removed, it is necessary to press the safety I88 inward (to the right as viewed from the grip) to release the magazine. The safety I88 .being spring-pressed by the spring H8 is normaiiy either holding the cartridge magazine in-place or is restraining the trigger from being pulled.

The grip lever H2 is similar to those used in many guns of this type. The function of this grip lever II2, whichis pivoted to the frame 2 by the pivot pin H4, is to prevent the gun from being fired unless the grip lever has been forced inwardly as the gun is held for firing, this being done by normally gripping the gun for firing.

The safety lever 48 is provided. at its end near the-projection 88, with an enlarged plane surface II8, on the side of the safety lever away from the projection 88. This plane surface "8 is adaptedto cover the pivot pins 88, 88, and 4 to hold them in their proper positions.

In disassembling the gun, for cleaning or any other purpose, the safety-lever 48 is the first part to be removed, that is, after the pivot pin 42 thereof has been released by the removal of the projection 88 from the notch 44. I After this has been done, the safety lever 48 may be withdrawn and the several parts of the gun may be .dis-

assembled.

The safety lever 481s novel in its construction in view of the fact that it is made all in one piece and has four separate functions:. itis a safety lock; it is a retention device for the breech slide after the last cartridge has left the cartridge magazine; it prevents the dismantling of the pivot pins 88, 88 and II4;=and it serves as a means for 1. In a recoil-loading firearm, the combination of a frame, a breech-slide slidable, thereon, a reaction spring secured between the frame and the breech-slide, an extensible guide, said reactionspring being mounted on said extensible'guide and secured thereto at each end thereof. a lateral safety lever securing the breech-slide and frame together, and means secured to an end of the reaction-spring guide to hold the safety lever in place.

2. In a recoil-loading firearm, a frame, a breech-slide slidable thereon, an extensible guide, a reaction spring mounted'on said extensible guide and secured thereto at each end thereof, a lateral safety lever securing the breech-slide and frame together, and means secured to an end of the said extensible guide .to hold the safety lever in place, said reaction spring being interposed between the frame and the breech-slide, and said extensible guide extending approximately throughout the entire length of said spring between the breechslide and frame.

3.'In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a breech-slide thereon, an extensible guide, a reaction spring sleeved on the guide and interposed between the frame and breech-slide and bearing thereagainst, said guide extending approximately thoughout the entire length of said spring between the breech-slide and frame, a lateral safety lever securing the breech-slide and frame together, and means secured to an end of the guide to hold the safety lever in place.

4. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a breech-slide thereon, an extensible guide having relatively movable sections interlocked together, one section being secured to the breech-slide, and the other section'being connected with the frame, and a reaction spring sleeved on the extensible guide and bearing against the breech-slide and frame.

5. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a

breech-slide thereon, an extensible guide having relatively movable sections interlocked together,

one section being secured to the breech-slide, the

other section bearing against the frame, a reaction spring sleeved on the extensible guide and bearing against the breech-slide and the lastmentioned guide section, a lateral safety lever securing the breech-slide and frame together, and

the last-mentioned guide section having means to hold the safety lever in place.

6. In a firearm, the combination of aframe, a breech-slide slidably mounted thereon, recoil means between said frame and breech-slide having resilient means and detachable portions and connecting the frame and breech-slide together, and a safety lever having means for controlling the detachment of said portions.

'7. In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a breech-slide slidably mounted thereon, recoil means between said frame and breech-slide having resilient means and detachable. elements and connecting the frame and breech-slide together, and a safety lever having a pivot pin constructed for controlling the detachment of said elements.

8, In a firearm, the combination of a frame, a breech-slide slidably mounted thereon, a cartridge magazinahammer means, and a safety lever hav ing means for controlling the action of the hammer, said lever having separate means for locking the breech-slide when the cartridge magazine is empty, and having separate means for holding the breech-slide on the frame in assembled relation.

ALEJANDRO OBREGON. v 

